Experts at Liverpool John Moores University have sent their findings to England boss Sven-Goran Eriksson.
Factors involved in their calculations include the number of steps in run-up, time taken to kick the ball, velocity of shot and position of striking foot.
The formula to remember in a shoot-out is (((X+Y+S)/2)x((T+I+2B)/4))+(V/2)-1.
This was calculated after analysing England's penalties at major tournaments since 1962.
The scientists found their perfect penalty was Alan Shearer's spot-kick against Argentina in the second round of the World Cup in 1998 - a match England lost on penalties.
THE PERFECT PENALTY
(((X+Y+S)/2)x((T+I+2B)/4))+(V/2)-1
V Velocity of ball once struck
T Time between placing ball on spot and striking ball
S Number of steps in run-up
I Time ball is struck after goalkeeper initiatives dive
Y Vertical placement of ball from ground
X Horizontal placement of ball from centre
B Striking position of foot
read more at BBC
